Born to a wealthy family, Giuliano attended the Accademia Albertina, in Turin, where he studied drawing with Giovanni Battista Biscarra and painting with Carlo Arienti. Upon graduating, in 1845, he worked in the studios of his friend and colleague, Giovanni Battista Arnaud. The following year, he began presenting his works at the Society for Promotion of the Fine Arts.
In 1857, after several years of traveling between Sardinia and Tuscany, he was called to the Accademia in Turin, where he became an assistant professor of figure drawing to Enrico Gamba. After 1860, he held the same position at the Scuola Militare Teulié in Milan, then at the Accademia di Belle Arti at the Brera, where he assisted Raffaele Casnedi. Giuliano took part in the Esposizione Nazionale Italiana in Florence (1861), and was a regular participant at exhibitions in Turin and Milan, with works on religious subjects, landscapes and genre scenes. He was heavily influenced by the Scapigliatura movement.
After he gave up teaching, he lived in the Quarto dei Mille on the Ligurian Riviera. Two of his largest exhibitions were at the Esposizione Internazionale d’Arte in Venice (1895 and 1897). He also took part in the Esposizione Nazionale held in Milan in 1906.